Xylanase functionalized hydrothermal synthesis of novel XLNs/Pt-BiVO₄ nanocomposite: Ultra efficient nanocatalyst with enhanced photocatalytic and biocidal applications

Here, we described the novel and efficient biogenic strategy of using the xylanase of Chenopodium album seeds extract to synthesize XLNs/Pt-BiVO₄ NCs. The stability, capping and reduction of XLNs/Pt-BiVO₄ NCs were significantly aided by xylanase. Several physicochemical approaches were applied to study the production, structure, size and crystallinity of XLNs/Pt-BiVO₄ NCs. The synthesized nanocomposite shown remarkable abilities both as an antibacterial disinfectant and a photocatalyst. 98 % of the methylene blue (MB) was degraded by the XLNs/Pt-BiVO₄ NCs in less than 24 min of exposure, indicating remarkable photocatalytic activity. The nanocatalyst exhibited considerable reliability as a photocatalyst after three test cycles. It was also found that the nanocomposite acted as an efficient antibacterial agent, exhibiting zones of inhibitory activity of 25(±0.3) mm, 28(±0.4) mm, 15(±0.4) mm, and 17(±0.4) mm, respectively, for both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria under both light and dark conditions. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals were effectively scavenged by the XLNs/Pt-BiVO₄ NCs, demonstrating high antioxidant activity. This study highlights the effective use of biogenic nanocomposites as a sustainable antibacterial agent and a workable substitute photocatalyst for the degradation of dyes in wastewater.