Wet chemically synthesized metal oxides nanoparticles, characterization and application in electrochemical energy storage: An updated review

Metal oxide nanoparticles (MON) have diverse applications including in electrochemical energy storage due to their unique properties such as high surface area, chemical stability, electrical conductivity, etc. These unique features of MON can be optimized by the method of synthesis. In addition, applications of MON greatly dictates suitable method for its synthesis. This review describes the synthesis of MON using wet chemical techniques with a focus on the most recent published studies as well as detailed characterization techniques employed for probing synthesized MON. Finally, the application of wet chemically synthesized MON in supercapacitor and battery devices is evaluated with a special focus on recent advances in the field. The articles included in this review were selected from the Web of Science as published in the year 2022–20323. Wet chemically synthesized MON has been demonstrated to be effective as energy storage materials with high efficiency probably attributable to the effective method of MON synthesis. The hydrothermal synthetic method has proven to produce metal oxide nanomaterials with high surface area, which aided electrochemical active surface area and subsequently electrochemical performance.