URLLC-aware and energy-efficient data offloading strategy in high-mobility vehicular mobile edge computing environments

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies into the vehicular industry has initiated a new era of connected and autonomous vehicles, revolutionizing transportation systems. However, this transformation introduces significant challenges, especially in 5 G networks, such as achieving Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC) and maintaining energy efficiency within the high mobility of vehicular environments. These are essential for supporting sustainable and environmentally friendly computing practices. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a URLLC-aware and energy-efficient data offloading strategy, utilizing the Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic (A3C) algorithm to navigate the complex dynamics of vehicular Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) environments. Our proposed method balances latency and energy consumption trade-offs while ensuring robust communication reliability. Technical evaluations reveal that our approach significantly outperforms other algorithms, achieving up to 8.2 % energy savings and a reduction of over 29 % in latency.