Retraction Note: Visual-Syntactic Text Formatting: Developing EFL Learners’ Reading Fluency Components (Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, (2022), 51, 4, (707-727), 10.1007/s10936-021-09823-x)

The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article. An investigation by the Publisher has found a number of articles, including this one, which share similar concerns, involving but not limited to, irregularities with respect to authorship, ethics approval and peer review. The Editor-in-Chief therefore no longer has confidence in the results and conclusions presented in this article. Ehsan Namaziandost and Mohammad Awad Al-Dawoody Abdulaal do not agree to this retraction. Wei Gao did not respond to correspondence about this retraction.