TY - JOUR
T1 - Relay Probing for Millimeter Wave Multi-Hop D2D Networks
AU - Mohamed, Ehab Mahmoud
AU - Elhalawany, Basem M.
AU - Khallaf, Haitham S.
AU - Zareei, Mahdi
AU - Zeb, Asim
AU - Abdelghany, Mahmoud Ahmed
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - The communications in the millimeter wave (mmWave) band, e.g., WiGig (60 GHz), is considered as one of the main components of 5G and beyond 5G (B5G) networks. However, it is characterized by short range transmissions along with high susceptibility to path blockage, e.g., human shadowing. Thus, mmWave multi-hop relaying using device to device (D2D) connections turns to be an efficient solution to extend its communication range and to route around blockages. In this context, relay probing is essential to discover/explore the candidate multi-hop routes from source-to-destination and then select the best route among them. However, a trade-off exists between relay probing and the required overhead coming from mmWave beamforming training. In this paper, taking advantage of the multi-band μ W/mmWave relay nodes, an efficient multi-hop relay probing scheme is proposed for mmWave D2D routing. In this scheme, the collected μ W received signal strengths (RSSs) among the distributed relay nodes are used to estimate the probability of their mmWave signal-to-noise power ratios (SNRs) while considering line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) path availabilities. Then, based on a proposed probabilistic metric, a hierarchical search algorithm is proposed to jointly discover the relay nodes along the candidate multi-hop routes and enumerate the number of routes expected to maximize the spectral efficiency of the whole path from source-to-destination. This is done in an offline phase, and only the relay nodes located within the pre-selected multi-hop routes are requested to do online relay probing. Numerical analysis confirms the superiority of the proposed mmWave multi-hop relay probing scheme over the candidate techniques.
AB - The communications in the millimeter wave (mmWave) band, e.g., WiGig (60 GHz), is considered as one of the main components of 5G and beyond 5G (B5G) networks. However, it is characterized by short range transmissions along with high susceptibility to path blockage, e.g., human shadowing. Thus, mmWave multi-hop relaying using device to device (D2D) connections turns to be an efficient solution to extend its communication range and to route around blockages. In this context, relay probing is essential to discover/explore the candidate multi-hop routes from source-to-destination and then select the best route among them. However, a trade-off exists between relay probing and the required overhead coming from mmWave beamforming training. In this paper, taking advantage of the multi-band μ W/mmWave relay nodes, an efficient multi-hop relay probing scheme is proposed for mmWave D2D routing. In this scheme, the collected μ W received signal strengths (RSSs) among the distributed relay nodes are used to estimate the probability of their mmWave signal-to-noise power ratios (SNRs) while considering line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) path availabilities. Then, based on a proposed probabilistic metric, a hierarchical search algorithm is proposed to jointly discover the relay nodes along the candidate multi-hop routes and enumerate the number of routes expected to maximize the spectral efficiency of the whole path from source-to-destination. This is done in an offline phase, and only the relay nodes located within the pre-selected multi-hop routes are requested to do online relay probing. Numerical analysis confirms the superiority of the proposed mmWave multi-hop relay probing scheme over the candidate techniques.
KW - Millimeter wave D2D networks
KW - multi-hop relaying
KW - multiband management protocol
KW - relay probing
KW - unlicensed μW band
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85081053930&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2972614
DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2972614
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85081053930
SN - 2169-3536
VL - 8
SP - 30560
EP - 30574
JO - IEEE Access
JF - IEEE Access
M1 - 8988248
ER -