Polyphenol-Mediated Iron Oxide Nanomaterials: Biosynthesis, Physicochemical Characterizations, and Analysis of Functional Groups

The present study aims to extract and utilize the polyphenols of Camellia sinensis and Mentha spicata as active capping agents for the bio-fabrication of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs). Different techniques such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD analysis, FESEM, EDX analysis, and TGA were performed to determine the surface resonance, functional groups, size, shape, elemental composition, and thermal stability of the polyphenol-mediated FeO NPs. UV-Vis spectrum of C. sinensis and M. spicata polyphenol-mediated FeO NPs revealed significant absorption at 230 and 250 nm, indicating the formation of FeO NPs. The presence of metal oxides in the FeO NPs were verified through FTIR analysis. XRD spectra confirmed the crystalline structure of C. sinensis and M. spicata polyphenol-mediated FeO NPs. The occurrence of iron and oxygen was verified by the EDX spectra of both polyphenol-mediated FeO NPs. TGA analysis established that C. sinensis polyphenol-mediated FeO NPs had higher thermal stability than M. spicata polyphenol-mediated FeO NPs.