Performance analysis and optimization of a novel geothermal trigeneration system with enhanced Organic Rankine cycle, Kalina cycle, reverse osmosis, and supercritical CO₂ cycle

The present investigation analyzes in deep a multi-generation system producing power, heating, and domestic consumable water. The system is based on renewable energy sources with approaches utilizing subterranean geothermal reservoir, allocating a considerable potential for means of generation. The system is comprised of a single-flash geothermal system, a dual-turbine Kalina cycle, an Organic Rankine Cycle with an internal heat exchanger and an open feed open heater, a supercritical CO₂, and a reverse osmosis cycle. The analyzes carried out include energy, exergy, entransy, and exergoeconomic evaluation. Considering the base mode, the values are derived as 46.08%, 56.04%, 333.1MWK, and 16.89$/GJ for energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, entransy loss, and the sum unit cost of products. The coupling of the cycles demonstrated a novel configuration aimed at generating power, heating, and freshwater as a multi-generation system with substantial output potential. The outputs are total power output, heating load, and freshwater as 130.068 MW, 30.79 MW, and 44.97 kg/s, respectively. The remainder of the study includes four multi-objective optimization scenarios aimed at identifying the optimum conditions associated with energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, entransy loss, and the sum unit cost of products. The present investigation uses the Engineering Equation Solver to simulate the conditions of the concept.