Mixed convection boundary-layer flow past a horizontal circular cylinder embedded in a porous medium filled with a nanofluid under convective boundary condition

The steady mixed convection boundary-layer flow past a horizontal circular cylinder in a stream flowing vertically upwards embedded in porous medium filled with a nanofluid is studied, taking into account the thermal convective boundary condition is studied. The model used for the nanofluid incorporates the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a set of non-similar equations and solved numerically by an efficient implicit, iterative, finite-difference method. Comparisons with previously published work are performed and excellent agreement is obtained. A parametric study of the physical parameters is conducted and a representative set of numerical results for the velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle volume fraction profiles as well as the local skin-friction coefficient, local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers is illustrated graphically to show interesting features of the solutions.