Minimizing energy consumption for NOMA multi-drone communications in automotive-industry 5.0

The forthcoming era of the automotive industry, known as Automotive-Industry 5.0, will leverage the latest advancements in 6G communications technology to enable reliable, computationally advanced, and energy-efficient exchange of data between diverse onboard sensors, drones and other vehicles. We propose a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) multi-drone communications network in order to address the requirements of enormous connections, various quality of services (QoS), ultra-reliability, and low latency in upcoming sixth-generation (6G) drone communications. Through the use of a power optimization framework, one of our goals is to evaluate the energy efficiency of the system. In particular, we define a non-convex power optimization problem while considering the possibility of imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) detection. Therefore, the goal is to reduce the total energy consumption of NOMA drone communications while guaranteeing the lowest possible rate for wireless devices. We use a novel method based on iterative sequential quadratic programming (SQP) to get the best possible solution to the non-convex optimization problem so that we may move on to the next step and solve it. The standard OMA framework, the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT)-based NOMA framework, and the average power NOMA framework are compared with the newly proposed optimization framework. The results of the Monte Carlo simulation demonstrate the accuracy of our derivations. The results that have been presented also demonstrate that the optimization framework that has been proposed is superior to previous benchmark frameworks in terms of system-achievable energy efficiency.