Microwave absorption and electromagnetic evaluations of the single and bilayer absorbers of sphere like BFO and pompon flower-like CoGd ferrites

In the modern world, electromagnetic interference has emerged as a serious issue. It is difficult yet necessary to prepare materials effectively for excellent electromagnetic wave dissipation capabilities. Here, pompon-flower-like CoGd_0.5Fe_1.5O₄ (CoGd) and spheres resembling BiFeO₃ (BFO) were synthesized using the sol-gel technique, and their absorption capabilities were tested in single layer absorbers before being placed under bi-layer conditions to evaluate for the best results. The findings demonstrate that impedance matching may be successfully improved in a bi-layer absorber by using BiFe as the first layer and CoGd as the second layer, leading to high absorption with a broad effective absorption bandwidth. The efficacy of electromagnetic wave dissipation is enhanced by the synergistic interaction of several loss processes, such as multiple wave scattering and dispersion inside the sample, and synergistic interaction between two layers. With a CoGd layer that was 0.5 mm thick and a BiFe layer that was 1.5 mm thick, the double-layer absorber's minimum reflection loss value was -24 dB. The effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of the double-layer absorber was 3.4 GHz, which was wider than the EAB in single-layer samples despite the identical thickness.