TY - JOUR
T1 - Melting rheology in thermally stratified graphene-mineral oil reservoir (third-grade nanofluid) with slip condition
AU - Raizah, Zehba
AU - Rehman, Sadique
AU - Saeed, Anwar
AU - Akbar, Mohammad
AU - Eldin, Sayed M.
AU - Galal, Ahmed M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 the author(s), published by De Gruyter.
PY - 2023/1/1
Y1 - 2023/1/1
N2 - More effective and lengthy energy storage systems have been highly desired by researchers. Waste heat recovery, renewable energy, and combined heating and power reactors all utilize energy storage technologies. There are three techniques that are more effective for storing thermal energy: Latent heat storage is one type of energy storage, along with sensible heat storage and chemical heat storage. Latent thermal energy storage is far more efficient and affordable with these methods. A method of storing heat energy in a substance is melting. The substance is frozen to release the heat energy it had been storing. A ground-based pump's heat exchanger coils around the soil freezing, tundra melting, magma solidification, and semiconducting processes are examples of melting phenomenon. Due to the above importance, the present study scrutinizes the behavior of third-grade nanofluid in a stagnation point deformed by the Riga plate. The Riga plate, an electromagnetic actuator, is made up of alternating electrodes and a permanent magnet that is positioned on a flat surface. Graphene nanoparticles are put in the base fluid (Mineral oil) to make a homogenous mixture. Mathematical modeling is acquired in the presence of melting phenomenon, quadratic stratification, viscous dissipation, and slippage velocity. Suitable transformations are utilized to get the highly non-linear system of ODEs. The remedy of temperature and velocity is acquired via the homotopic approach. Graphical sketches of various pertinent parameters are obtained through Mathematica software. The range of various pertinent parameters is 1 ≤ B 1 ≤ 4, B 2 = 1, 3, 5, 7, B 3 = 0.1, 0.5, 0.9, 1.3, 0.8 ≤ A ≤ 1.2, Re = 1, 3, 5, 7, S 1 = 1, 3, 5, 7, M 1 = 1, 6, 11, 16, 0.1 ≤ I ≤ 0.4, 0.1 ≤ Q ≤ 0.4, Ec = 1, 3, 5, 7, 0.1 ≤ S ≤ 0.4 and Nr = 1, 6, 11, 16 1\le {B}_{1}\le 4,\hspace{.5em}{B}_{2}=1,3,5,7,{B}_{3}=0.1,0.5,0.9,1.3,\hspace{.5em}0.8\le A\le 1.2,\mathrm{Re}=1,3,5,7,\hspace{.2em}{S}_{1}=1,3,5,7,\hspace{.5em}{M}_{1}=1,6,11,16,\hspace{.25em}0.1\le {\vartheta }\le 0.4,\hspace{.33em}0.1\le Q\le 0.4,\text{Ec}=1,3,5,7,\hspace{.5em}0.1\le S\le 0.4\hspace{.65em}\text{and}\hspace{.65em}\text{Nr}=1,6,11,16. Skin friction (drag forces) and Nusselt number (rate of heat transfer) are explained via graphs. The velocity is enhancing the function against melting parameter while temperature is the decelerating function as melting factor is amplified. The temperature field reduces with the accelerating estimations of stratified parameter. The energy and velocity profiles de-escalate with intensifying values of volume fraction parameter.
AB - More effective and lengthy energy storage systems have been highly desired by researchers. Waste heat recovery, renewable energy, and combined heating and power reactors all utilize energy storage technologies. There are three techniques that are more effective for storing thermal energy: Latent heat storage is one type of energy storage, along with sensible heat storage and chemical heat storage. Latent thermal energy storage is far more efficient and affordable with these methods. A method of storing heat energy in a substance is melting. The substance is frozen to release the heat energy it had been storing. A ground-based pump's heat exchanger coils around the soil freezing, tundra melting, magma solidification, and semiconducting processes are examples of melting phenomenon. Due to the above importance, the present study scrutinizes the behavior of third-grade nanofluid in a stagnation point deformed by the Riga plate. The Riga plate, an electromagnetic actuator, is made up of alternating electrodes and a permanent magnet that is positioned on a flat surface. Graphene nanoparticles are put in the base fluid (Mineral oil) to make a homogenous mixture. Mathematical modeling is acquired in the presence of melting phenomenon, quadratic stratification, viscous dissipation, and slippage velocity. Suitable transformations are utilized to get the highly non-linear system of ODEs. The remedy of temperature and velocity is acquired via the homotopic approach. Graphical sketches of various pertinent parameters are obtained through Mathematica software. The range of various pertinent parameters is 1 ≤ B 1 ≤ 4, B 2 = 1, 3, 5, 7, B 3 = 0.1, 0.5, 0.9, 1.3, 0.8 ≤ A ≤ 1.2, Re = 1, 3, 5, 7, S 1 = 1, 3, 5, 7, M 1 = 1, 6, 11, 16, 0.1 ≤ I ≤ 0.4, 0.1 ≤ Q ≤ 0.4, Ec = 1, 3, 5, 7, 0.1 ≤ S ≤ 0.4 and Nr = 1, 6, 11, 16 1\le {B}_{1}\le 4,\hspace{.5em}{B}_{2}=1,3,5,7,{B}_{3}=0.1,0.5,0.9,1.3,\hspace{.5em}0.8\le A\le 1.2,\mathrm{Re}=1,3,5,7,\hspace{.2em}{S}_{1}=1,3,5,7,\hspace{.5em}{M}_{1}=1,6,11,16,\hspace{.25em}0.1\le {\vartheta }\le 0.4,\hspace{.33em}0.1\le Q\le 0.4,\text{Ec}=1,3,5,7,\hspace{.5em}0.1\le S\le 0.4\hspace{.65em}\text{and}\hspace{.65em}\text{Nr}=1,6,11,16. Skin friction (drag forces) and Nusselt number (rate of heat transfer) are explained via graphs. The velocity is enhancing the function against melting parameter while temperature is the decelerating function as melting factor is amplified. The temperature field reduces with the accelerating estimations of stratified parameter. The energy and velocity profiles de-escalate with intensifying values of volume fraction parameter.
KW - HAM
KW - melting heat transport
KW - mineral oil
KW - Riga plate
KW - slip conditions
KW - thermal stratification
KW - third-grade nanofluid
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85153863664&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1515/ntrev-2022-0511
DO - 10.1515/ntrev-2022-0511
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85153863664
SN - 2191-9089
VL - 12
JO - Nanotechnology Reviews
JF - Nanotechnology Reviews
IS - 1
M1 - 20220511
ER -