Mango Peel Bio-actives for the Fabrication of Inorganic Metal Nanoparticles and their Potential for Wastewater treatment

Mango peel is mango fruit waste, discarded without any use. These peels can be utilized to prepare an extract that exhibits many phytochemicals and phenolic compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, and vitamins. These compounds are utilized as a cost-effective stabilizer and reducing agent for the fabrication of different types of metal nanoparticles (MNPs). The hydroxyl groups present as part of different functional group in these compounds reduce the metal ions and alternatively synthesize MNPs of different size and shape. Many researchers reported the preparation of MNPs by using mango peel extract (MPE) as a source of bioactive compounds that reduce metal ions into metal atoms and cage them. These MNPs are utilized as effective antimicrobial agents to prepare effective food packaging, for killing mosquito larvae, and as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions and toxic dyes from the water medium. Here we covered the overview of the preparation of mango peel extract-induced MNPs, their characterization by various techniques and their use in different fields from the previously reported literature. In the future, these MNPs can be used as potential catalysts for various organic reactions, sensing, and in the biomedical field due to the easy availability of sources such as peel and precursor salts.