Latest progress in utilizing phase change materials in bricks for energy storage and discharge in residential structures

To provide a thorough evaluation of the recent knowledge regarding the utilisation of phase change materials (PCMs) in bricks industry, the present study specifies a comprehensive review of most recent advancements (2020–2024) in integrating PCMs into building bricks for energy preservation and thermal regulation. The outcomes highlight significant advantages, including a reduction in internal temperatures by up to 4.7 °C, an increase in time lag by 2 h, and a 23.84 % decrease in temperature fluctuations when PCM is encapsulated within brick walls. This review also evaluates different PCM configurations, melting temperatures, and encapsulation approaches, enlightening their influence on thermal performance across different climates. By reducing peak heat flux and improving thermal comfort, PCM-integrated bricks exhibit considerable potential for energy-efficient construction. Recommendations for future research are delivered, highlighting optimisation in PCM placement, material innovations, and practical applications for various building types and climates. Finally, this review introduces a number of recommendations to expand the storage and release of thermal energy of building bricks via the efficient utilisation of PCMs.