IoT-Inspired Smart Disaster Evacuation Framework

The integration of various computational paradigms, including the Internet of Things (IoT) and edge-cloud platforms, have the potential to enhance the efficiency of evacuation during emergencies. Conspicuously, this study presents an intelligent evacuation framework by integrating the IoT-edge-cloud (IEC) computing paradigm. The proposed framework utilizes IoT technology to collect ambient data and track occupant movement based on the location. Edge computing involves the incorporation of a support vector machine (SVM) to identify emergency events. Additionally, it facilitates real-time spatio-temporal data processing. Furthermore, cloud computing enables the implementation of an evacuation algorithm for efficiently computing a secure and expeditious path based on environmental and occupant data. The presented algorithm generates a comprehensive evacuation map, which serves as a guidance tool to direct individuals toward the designated exit point. Based on experimental simulations, enhanced results were obtained for performance enhancement in terms of temporal delay (5.23 s), decision-making efficiency [precision (95.56%), sensitivity (96.44%), specificity (96.97%), F-measure (96.69%)], energy efficiency (4.56 mJ), reliability (92.69%), and stability (73%).