Improvement of Medical Applicability of Hydroxyapatite/Antimonous Oxide/Graphene Oxide Mixed Systems for Biomedical Application

This study supports the binary and ternary merging tactic, this methodology is useful in the creation of new features that lacked in the parent constituents. Ra develops to reach its peak of 4.25 nm upon HAP/Sb₂O₃/GO which is shadowed by HAP/Sb₂O₃ with 3.87 nm. EDX technique offers quantitative, and qualitative elemental composition of the studied composite, where C, O, P, Ca, and Sb elements records 17.14, 66, 8.7, 7.57, and0.58%, respectively. Consequently, the composition is pure. Also, The BET technique’s resultant surface area is 39.49 for HAP/Sb₂O₃, and 50.76 m²/g for HAP/Sb₂O₃/GO. Additionally, The (HAP/GO, and HAP/Sb₂O₃/GO) ceramic composites microhardness was 3.2 ± 0.2 GPa for binary composite, and 3.5 ± 0.3 GPa for ternary composite. Thus, GO nano-materials enhance mechanical behavior. Applicably, the merging of the three components in one ternary nanocomposite presents the highest viability with 98.4 ± 0.8%, besides the highest antibacterial performance by 15.2 ± 0.4 mm for Escherichia coli and 16.1 ± 0.5 mm for Staphylococcus aureus.