Factors Associated with Asthma Medication Adherence in Parents with Asthmatic Children: Theory of Planned Behaviour

Background/Objectives: Asthma is a prevalent chronic condition affecting approximately 300 million people globally. Despite advancements in treatment protocols, poor adherence to asthma medication remains a significant issue, often leading to severe complications, especially in children. This study aimed to identify factors influencing medication adherence among parents of children with asthma, using constructs from the theory of planned behaviour to better understand and improve adherence. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed a survey incorporating constructs from the theory of planned behaviour, demographic variables, and other adherence-related factors. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were applied to explore the relationship between these factors and adherence to asthma medications. Results: Out of 152 parents who visited the survey link, 150 were eligible. The average age was 35.58 ± 9.913 years; most participants were married (82%) and female (62.6%). Multivariate linear regression analysis of the parents’ factor showed parental attitude (β = 0.38, p < 0.001) and subjective norms (β = 0.34, p < 0.002) were significantly associated with parents’ intention to adhere to asthma medications. Conclusion: The study found that parental attitudes and subjective norms significantly impact the intention to adhere to asthma medication. Improving adherence is crucial for effective disease management, reducing healthcare costs, and enhancing the quality of life for children and their families. Interventions should focus on educating parents about the importance of adherence and engaging more family members to positively influence adherence through strengthened subjective norms.