Fabrication of pH-responsive hydrogels of perindopril erbumine using black seed extract and β-cyclodextrin co-polymerized with methacrylic acid and methylene bisacrylamide

This study aimed to create an intelligent pH-responsive system for the controlled release of perindopril erbumine using natural black seed extract and β-cyclodextrin as polymers. Monomer methacrylic acid and cross-linker methylene bisacrylamide were co-polymerized with the polymers via free radical polymerization to synthesize BSE-β-CD-co-poly (methacrylate) hydrogels containing perindopril erbumine, with varying feed ratios. The successful synthesis and compatibility of ingredients were confirmed through FTIR analysis, while thermal experiments (DSC and TGA) demonstrated the thermal stability of the hydrogels. Encapsulation of perindopril erbumine within the hydrogel and the nature of the network system were validated through EDX and XRD findings. The pH-responsive hydrogels showed higher swelling and in-vitro drug release at alkaline pH than at acidic pH, with maximum drug release (90.87%) observed in alkaline pH for up to 24 h, demonstrating the sustained release pattern of the network. Oral toxicity studies in rabbits showed no signs of ailment, degeneration, or toxicities, indicating the non-toxicity of the synthesized system.