Fabrication of β-Cyclodextrin-Assisted Tungsten Trioxide Nanosheets and Their Remarkable Adsorption, Photocatalytic Performance, and Biomedical Properties

Regulating a material’s crystal phase is difficult when using a solution-based method; however, this has far-reaching implications for the characteristics of the material. The current work reported herein represents an efficient realization of green synthesized adjustable layered tungsten oxide (WO₃) nanosheets using β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) biopolymer. Both nucleation process and sheet formation were greatly influenced by chelating ability of β-CD. These qualities allowed bonding between WO₃ nanosheet and β-CD to occur after calcination at 450 °C yielding β-CD-assisted tungsten oxide nanosheets (WO₃). Various analytical methods such as XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR and UV–Vis spectrophotometry were employed to understand physicochemical properties of the prepared WO₃ nanosheets. The main aim of this study was to investigate visible light-assisted photocatalytic degradation of Methylene Blue (MB). According to experimental results, within 24 min 98.8% decomposition efficiency towards MB was recorded under irradiation using visible light source in presence of 200 mg WO₃ nanosheet catalysts. The experiment was conducted in two sets that is with and without addition of WO₃ nanosheet catalysts respectively. Furthermore evaluation on antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E.coli), and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) bacteria as well antioxidant power was performed for these nano sheets while anticancer and antioxidant effects were also evaluated which demonstrated all samples having significant antibacterial activities together with antioxidants performances in terms of WO₃ nanosheets against different bacteria strains including E. coli, S. aureus. Moreover, it showed strong anticancer potentials coupled with their excellent free radical scavenging abilities thus making them perfect candidates for use as potential therapeutic agents.