Double-diffusive convection of two rods in a novel cavity saturated by porous media and suspended by nano-encapsulated phase change materials

The double-diffusive convection of two rotating rods inside an infinite-shaped saturated porous cavity filled by a suspension of nano-encapsulated phase change material was investigated numerically using the (ISPH) method. The cavity includes two rotating rods, (NEPCM) particles, and porous media. The inner left and right rods are located inside the left and right sides of an infinite-shaped cavity. In the present work, two types of boundary conditions between the inner rods and outer boundary walls of the cavity are considered. The results were produced for the dimensionless fusion temperature (0.05 ≤ (Formula presented.) ≤ 0.95), the length of the inner rotating rods (0.2 ≤ L_R ≤ 0.6), the buoyancy ratio number (−2 ≤ N ≤ 2), the solid volume fraction (0.01 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.05), the dimensionless time (0 ≤ (Formula presented.) ≤ 0.3) and Darcy number (10⁻² ≤ Da ≤ 10⁻⁵). But, the Lewis and Stefan numbers were considered fixed at (Le = 10) and (Ste = 0.2), respectively. The effects of several parameters on the melting-solidification zones, temperature, concentration, and velocity fields were also investigated. It was found that the location and the strength of the melting-solidification zone are influenced significantly by the variation of the boundary conditions. The average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are influenced clearly by the variation of the boundary conditions for rods and cavity walls and by increasing the length of the inner rods.