Designing of TiO ₂ –rGO nanocomposite-based photoanode to enhance the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

The development of TiO ₂–rGO nanocomposite-based photoanode is an efficient way to enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). TiO ₂–rGO nanocomposite has been synthesized for the modified photoanode of DSSCs. GO has been synthesized by modified Hummer’s method, and rGO was achieved by two more steps. TiO ₂ nanoparticles have been synthesized by the sol–gel approach followed by composition with rGO. The TiO ₂–rGO nanocomposites were analyzed by Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis Spectroscopy, and IV measurements. The as synthesized TiO ₂–rGO nanocomposite-based photoanode showed a higher PCE than pure TiO ₂ nanoparticles-based photoanode. Moreover, TiO ₂–rGO nanocomposite-based photoanode presented enhanced efficiency of 4.09% in DSSCs because rGO has better charge collection ability, which is more convenient to reduce the electron recombination rate.