Design of a fast-shaping amplifier for PET/CT APD detectors with depth-of-interaction

J. F. Pratte; C. M. Pepin; D. Rouleau; O. Ménard; J. Mouine; R. Lecomte

doi:10.1109/TNS.2002.803853

Design of a fast-shaping amplifier for PET/CT APD detectors with depth-of-interaction

J. F. Pratte, C. M. Pepin, D. Rouleau, O. Ménard, J. Mouine, R. Lecomte

Université de Sherbrooke

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

An integrated 0.35-μm CMOS fast-shaping amplifier has been designed for coincidence detection and zero-cross time pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) in positron emission tomography (PET) and for high-rate event counting in computerized tomography (CT) with avalanche photodiode (APD)-based detectors. Analytical simulations of CR-RCⁿ filters of various order and shaping time constant were carried out to optimize the timing performance, keeping in mind the stringent channel density requirements of the detector front-end electronics. The filter was implemented with the biquadratic bandpass architecture using a folded cascode transconductance amplifier. The electronic timing resolution of the coincidence circuit was 92 ps in the ideal case without an APD (C_in = 0 pF), and 243 ps with an APD (C_in = 30 pF). By comparison, the same system with the CMOS shaper replaced by an Ortec 579 Fast Filter Amplifier set to a shaping time of 10 ns yielded an electronic time resolution of 79 ps in the ideal case without capacitance and 236 ps with the APD. The 511-keV coincidence time resolution for a crystal scintillator-based lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO)-APD detector was measured to be 1.49 ns.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2448-2454
Number of pages	7
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Volume	49 II
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2002.803853
State	Published - Oct 2002
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)
Folded cascode transconductance amplifier
Positron emission tomography (PET)
Pulse-shape discrimination
Shaping amplifier

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10.1109/TNS.2002.803853

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title = "Design of a fast-shaping amplifier for PET/CT APD detectors with depth-of-interaction",

abstract = "An integrated 0.35-μm CMOS fast-shaping amplifier has been designed for coincidence detection and zero-cross time pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) in positron emission tomography (PET) and for high-rate event counting in computerized tomography (CT) with avalanche photodiode (APD)-based detectors. Analytical simulations of CR-RCn filters of various order and shaping time constant were carried out to optimize the timing performance, keeping in mind the stringent channel density requirements of the detector front-end electronics. The filter was implemented with the biquadratic bandpass architecture using a folded cascode transconductance amplifier. The electronic timing resolution of the coincidence circuit was 92 ps in the ideal case without an APD (Cin = 0 pF), and 243 ps with an APD (Cin = 30 pF). By comparison, the same system with the CMOS shaper replaced by an Ortec 579 Fast Filter Amplifier set to a shaping time of 10 ns yielded an electronic time resolution of 79 ps in the ideal case without capacitance and 236 ps with the APD. The 511-keV coincidence time resolution for a crystal scintillator-based lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO)-APD detector was measured to be 1.49 ns.",

keywords = "Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), Folded cascode transconductance amplifier, Positron emission tomography (PET), Pulse-shape discrimination, Shaping amplifier",

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AU - Pratte, J. F.

AU - Pepin, C. M.

AU - Rouleau, D.

AU - Ménard, O.

AU - Mouine, J.

AU - Lecomte, R.

PY - 2002/10

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N2 - An integrated 0.35-μm CMOS fast-shaping amplifier has been designed for coincidence detection and zero-cross time pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) in positron emission tomography (PET) and for high-rate event counting in computerized tomography (CT) with avalanche photodiode (APD)-based detectors. Analytical simulations of CR-RCn filters of various order and shaping time constant were carried out to optimize the timing performance, keeping in mind the stringent channel density requirements of the detector front-end electronics. The filter was implemented with the biquadratic bandpass architecture using a folded cascode transconductance amplifier. The electronic timing resolution of the coincidence circuit was 92 ps in the ideal case without an APD (Cin = 0 pF), and 243 ps with an APD (Cin = 30 pF). By comparison, the same system with the CMOS shaper replaced by an Ortec 579 Fast Filter Amplifier set to a shaping time of 10 ns yielded an electronic time resolution of 79 ps in the ideal case without capacitance and 236 ps with the APD. The 511-keV coincidence time resolution for a crystal scintillator-based lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO)-APD detector was measured to be 1.49 ns.

AB - An integrated 0.35-μm CMOS fast-shaping amplifier has been designed for coincidence detection and zero-cross time pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) in positron emission tomography (PET) and for high-rate event counting in computerized tomography (CT) with avalanche photodiode (APD)-based detectors. Analytical simulations of CR-RCn filters of various order and shaping time constant were carried out to optimize the timing performance, keeping in mind the stringent channel density requirements of the detector front-end electronics. The filter was implemented with the biquadratic bandpass architecture using a folded cascode transconductance amplifier. The electronic timing resolution of the coincidence circuit was 92 ps in the ideal case without an APD (Cin = 0 pF), and 243 ps with an APD (Cin = 30 pF). By comparison, the same system with the CMOS shaper replaced by an Ortec 579 Fast Filter Amplifier set to a shaping time of 10 ns yielded an electronic time resolution of 79 ps in the ideal case without capacitance and 236 ps with the APD. The 511-keV coincidence time resolution for a crystal scintillator-based lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO)-APD detector was measured to be 1.49 ns.

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KW - Positron emission tomography (PET)

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Design of a fast-shaping amplifier for PET/CT APD detectors with depth-of-interaction

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Keywords

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