Association of vitamin d with glycemic control in Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective chart review study in an emerging university hospital

Background: Vitamin D (mainly 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25[OH]D) has stimulated increasing interest in Saudi Arabia over the current years due to its association with several different chronic diseases such as diabetes. This study aims to ascertain whether the vitamin D level has any influence on glycemic control in Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Method: This retrospective study included 200 patients with T2DM who visited Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital between January 2015 and December 2015. Venous blood was collected and examined for “serum/plasma levels of 25(OH)D” and related variables using kit methods. HbA1C levels <7% and ≥7% were taken as indicators of good and poor glycemic control, respectively. An association between vitamin D deficiency and poor glycemic control was determined using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results: Among the total of 200 patients with type 2 diabetes, 118 (59%) were female and 82 (41%) were males with the mean age 42.4 ± 14.8 years. Good glycemic control (HbA1c < 7) was observed in 127 (63.5%), and poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 7) was found in 73(36.5%). The mean serum 25(OH)vit D was 20.27 ± 8.66 ng/mL, with (52% vs 82%; P ≤.001) of subjects identified to have vitamin D deficiency in good and poor glycemic control groups, respectively. Conclusion: Taken together, our results demonstrated an association of vitamin D level with poor glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, additional studies with larger sample size from local population are warranted in future to confirm and extend the findings of the present study.