Assessing the Impact of Bi-Multi-Modal Stimuli on Blended Speaking Instruction: An Empirical Study in Primary School

Blended learning in ESL contexts has attracted substantial scholarly attention recently. However, the impact of various online input modes on English grammar learning outcomes, particularly for speaking skills, has not been extensively studied. This study evaluates how bi-and multi-modal online inputs impact blended speech training in a primary school. Using a quasi-experimental, between-subjects design over 20 weeks, the study categorized participants into two groups: the bi-modal group (BG, N=32), which utilized online text-and-audio materials, and the multi-modal group (MG, N=32), which engaged with online videos. The assessment of learning achievement was conducted through two speaking tests, a pretest and a posttest. The results revealed enhancements in grammar and overall speaking skills for both groups, with significant performance differences. The study enriches academic literature by providing empirical insights into how different online input modes could optimize blended learning environments and support explicit speaking instruction to improve grammar in primary students’ speaking skills.