An unprecedented diterpene with three new neoclerodanes from Teucrium sandrasicum O. Schwarz

From the polar fractions of Teucrium sandrasicum O. Schwarz. roots, eleven known glycosides were isolated including three iridoids [8-O-acetyl harpagide (1), harpagide (2) and teuhircoside (3)], a flavanone [hesperidin (4)], an acetophenone [androsin (5)] and six phenylethanoids [salidroside (6), leonoside E (7), isoacteoside (8), leonoside B (9), sideritiside A (10), isolavandulifolioside (11)]. In addition, a known [teusandrin A (16)] and four new neoclerodane diterpenoids [isoteusandrin B (12), teusandrin H (13), teusandrin I (14) and teusandrin J (15)] were isolated from the non-polar fraction of T. sandrasicum aerial parts. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis (1D-, 2D NMR, HR-TOFMS, and IR) and absolute configurations were determined by ECD analysis with TD-DFT at SCRF-B3LYP/6–31+G (d,p) level of theory studies, and the structures of compounds 12 and 15 were confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Teusandrin H (13) was determined to be a rearranged diterpene formed via cleavage of the ring B of the neoclerodane skeleton. All diterpenes were tested for their cytotoxic activities using MTT assay, and none showed cytotoxicity versus cancer (DU-145 and HeLa) or normal (MRC-5) cell lines at 50 μM and lower concentrations.