Advancements in nano-enhanced steel structures for earthquake resilience: Integrating metallic elements, AI, and sensor technology for engineering disasters mitigation in steel buildings

This study develops Titanium (Ti) and Magnesium (Mg)-based nano-alloys to enhance the earthquake resilience of steel structures using machine learning (SVM) and sensor technology. Embedding Ti and Mg into steel at the nanoscale creates a lightweight, durable, and flexible material capable of withstanding seismic forces. Ti enhances tensile strength and flexibility, while Mg reduces weight, lowering seismic loads on buildings. The performance of these nano-alloys was assessed through shake table tests, cyclic load testing, and dynamic response testing, showing that nano-alloy-enhanced steel structures experienced 60% less displacement and 40% lower acceleration than traditional steel, demonstrating superior energy absorption and stress distribution. Fatigue tests revealed that the nano-alloy could endure 20, 000 loading cycles, outperforming the 8, 000 cycles of conventional steel. Integrated sensor technology, including strain gauges and accelerometers, provided real-time stress and deformation data, confirming the material’s effectiveness in stress distribution and vibration damping. The SVM model optimized alloy composition, achieving 94% prediction accuracy in assessing seismic performance, highlighting the nano-alloys' durability and resilience. This study suggests that Ti and Mg nano-alloys could greatly improve earthquake-resistant construction.