Utilising olive-stone biomass ash and examining its effect on green concrete: A review paper

The environmental aspects of sustainable development in the construction industry involve the utilisation of secondary raw materials in the design and construction of new structures. This study aims to conduct a critical review of previous literature on the use of olive waste ash (OWA). The use of OWA in concrete helps create and maintain sustainable and greener development. Published literature has confirmed the huge potential of using olive biomass ash (OBA) as replacement for a small portion of natural fine aggregate as admixture or reinforcement. The main goal of this development is to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, which cause environmental pollution and climate problems, and support the reuse and exploitation of the waste concept. This study also aims to examine the effect of OBA on concrete properties, such as workability, setting times, soundness, compressive strength, flexural strength, shrinkage and durability, as well as its impact on sustainability. Furthermore, information regarding microstructure in terms of scanning electron microscopy is provided in this work. This study is considered the first review paper to investigate the utilisation of olive-stone biomass ash on construction materials. It also contains recommendations and observations for future research in this field. This study is important for international research as it provides a comprehensive overview of the potential of using OWA as a sustainable alternative in the construction industry and can inform future developments in this area.