Study of pressure drop and heat transfer in cooling of lithium-ion battery with rhombic arrangement with two different outlets and different inlet dimensions

This article models a two-dimensional battery pack (BAP) containing 45 battery cells. The cylindrical lithium-ion battery cells are arranged in a rhombic pattern in the pack. The pack has one inlet and two outlets so that laminar airflow exchanges heat with the battery cells. The temperature of the battery cells (TBC), the pressure drop (PD) in the BAP, the changes in the air velocity (V_air) in the BAP with the outlet air temperature (OAT) for each outlet separately are evaluated by changing the dimensions of the air inlet and two outlets, at four velocities of 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, and 0.02 m/s. The BAP is simulated using the COMSOL software. According to the findings of this research, an increase in V_air increases the pressure decrease in the BAP. Increasing V_air, on the other hand, lowers the maximum temperature (TMA) and the average TBC. An enhancement in the dimensions of inlet and outlets reduces the average and TMAs of the battery. As the V_air is intensified, the amount of OAT is reduced. Model D = 0.6 has the maximum OAT and model D = 1 has the minimum OAT at two outlets.