Simulation analysis of MHD hybrid Cu-Al₂O₃/H₂O nanofluid flow with heat generation through a porous media

Hybrid nanoliquids comprise of better physical strength, mechanical resistance, thermal conductivity, and chemical stability as equated to individual nanoliquids. The present work investigates the MHD laminar flow, containing hybrid nanoparticles, with heat transfer phenomenon over a stretching sheet immersed in a porous medium. The effect of induced magnetic field has also been taken into account. The flow model PDEs are rehabilitated into ordinary ones using a persuasive tool of similarity variables. The analogous system of dimensionless equations alongside the boundary conditions is numerically treated with the Successive-Over-Relaxation (SOR) technique. Flow and heat transfer aspects of both pure and hybrid nanofluids are examined for the preeminent parameters. Our outcomes are associated with the previously accomplished experimental and numerical results, and found to be in a good agreement with them. As a major outcome of the study, it has been noted that, apart from their well-reported thermal characteristics, hybrid nanofluids are capable of raising the shear stress to remarkably higher levels (upto 57% in some cases). Therefore, such fluids must be used with caution in applications where a control on the shear stress is required.