Retraction notice to “Optimization and sensitivity analysis of extended surfaces during melting and freezing of phase changing materials in cylindrical Lithium-ion battery cooling” [J. Energy Storage 51 (2022) 104545] (Journal of Energy Storage (2022) 51, (S2352152X2200562X), (10.1016/j.est.2022.104545))

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal). Please note that an Expression of Concern has previously been published to alert readers to an ongoing investigation into this paper. This retraction supersedes the Expression of Concern. This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. In investigating concerns brought up regarding the article, the editor reached out to the authors for an explanation. The authors failed to provide a satisfactory explanation to the above points. Post-publication, the Editor-in-Chief discovered that the email addresses used by the authors during the submission process were associated with multiple researcher accounts. The Editor has determined that the authorship of the paper cannot be relied upon. Furthermore, the acceptance of this article was based upon the positive advice of reviewer reports from reviewers who were closely linked to the Guest Editor, Masoud Afrand. The Editor also noticed a significant increase of citations of papers authored by the Guest Editor, Nader Karimi between the original submission and the revised version. In summary, 4 papers by Nader Karimi were cited in the original version of the paper. This increased to 10 papers in the revised version. The Editor has determined that the paper should be retracted.