Predication of the sensitivity of a novel daily triple-periodic solar-based electricity/hydrogen cogeneration system with storage units: Dual parametric analysis and NSGA-II optimization

Solar systems are vital toward green cities; however, owing to their higher irreversibilities, it is important to modify the previous configurations. Hence, this study is motivated to design a novel solar-based cogeneration system utilizing different energy storage equipment arranged to diminish the irreversibilities innovatively. Therefore, the suggested system producing electricity and hydrogen is planned in a daily triple-periodic framework employing a heliostat field with thermal energy storage tanks using high-temperature molten salt. Meanwhile, a gas turbine cycle, an organic Rankine cycle, a low-temperature electrolyzer, and a compressed air energy storage are efficiently combined. As an assumption, the unsteady condition of solar power is divided into three different steady operational modes, namely storing, charging, and discharging. The methods of sole and dual parametric analyses and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II for multi-objective optimization are applied. It is inferred that the system has the potential to increase the performance of previous similar systems. According to the results, direct normal irradiation as the effective parameter can increase the electricity generation capacity by 2.1 times. Besides, the optimum electricity and hydrogen production capacities (objective functions) are 6.58 MW and 690 kg/h leading to the optimum round-trip and exergetic round-trip efficiencies of 41.0% and 25.0, respectively.