TY - JOUR
T1 - Nepeta deflersiana attenuates isoproterenol-induced myocardial injuries in rats
T2 - Possible involvement of oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation through nuclear factor (NF)-κB downregulation
AU - Al‑Taweel, Areej Mohammad
AU - Raish, Mohammad
AU - Perveen, Shagufta
AU - Fawzy, Ghada Ahmed
AU - Ahmad, Ajaz
AU - Ansari, Mushtaq Ahmad
AU - Mudassar, Shahid
AU - Ganaie, Majid Ahmad
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017
PY - 2017/10/15
Y1 - 2017/10/15
N2 - Background Nepeta deflersiana (Lamiaceae) is a perennial herb used in the Saudi and Yemeni folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, carminative, and antirheumatic agent. Purpose This study explores the phytochemistry of the plant and the cardioprotective effect of N. deflersiana ethanolic extract (NDEE) against isoproterenol (ISP)-induced myocardial injury in rats. Design/Methods Cardiac function, serum cardiac enzymes, myocardial antioxidants, inflammatory, and apoptotic biomarkers, and histopathological parameters were studied in ISP-injured Wistar rat heart tissues. Results To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the isolation of nine secondary metabolites from this plant: 1α-hydroxy-7α,14α,18-triacetoxy-isopimara-8,15-diene (1), β-sitosterol (2), lupeol (3), ursolic acid (4), 2,3-dihydroxy ursolic acid (5), caffeic acid (6), methyl rosmarinate (7), rosmarinic acid (8), and an irridoid glucoside 8-epi-7-deoxyloganic acid (9). To explain the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effect of NDEE, we evaluated the redox-sensitivity of NDEE in ISP-induced cardiac injury. The oral administration of NDEE (50 and 100 mg/kg b.w) prevented the depletion of endogenous antioxidants (CAT, SOD, NP-SH, and NO) and myocyte injury marker enzymes and inhibited lipid peroxidation (MDA, MPO). Moreover, NDEE downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, and IL-10) and apoptotic markers (caspase-3 and Bax) and upregulated the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. Furthermore, NDEE pretreatment significantly downregulated cardiac NF-κB (p65) expression, NF-κB-DNA binding activity, and MPO activity. Histological data showed that NDEE pretreatment reduced myonecrosis, edema, and infiltration of inflammatory cells and restored the architecture of cardiomyocytes. Conclusion NDEE demonstrated strong antioxidant, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic potential against myocardial damage. This further endorses the use of N. deflersiana in Yemeni folk medicine against cardiovascular diseases.
AB - Background Nepeta deflersiana (Lamiaceae) is a perennial herb used in the Saudi and Yemeni folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, carminative, and antirheumatic agent. Purpose This study explores the phytochemistry of the plant and the cardioprotective effect of N. deflersiana ethanolic extract (NDEE) against isoproterenol (ISP)-induced myocardial injury in rats. Design/Methods Cardiac function, serum cardiac enzymes, myocardial antioxidants, inflammatory, and apoptotic biomarkers, and histopathological parameters were studied in ISP-injured Wistar rat heart tissues. Results To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the isolation of nine secondary metabolites from this plant: 1α-hydroxy-7α,14α,18-triacetoxy-isopimara-8,15-diene (1), β-sitosterol (2), lupeol (3), ursolic acid (4), 2,3-dihydroxy ursolic acid (5), caffeic acid (6), methyl rosmarinate (7), rosmarinic acid (8), and an irridoid glucoside 8-epi-7-deoxyloganic acid (9). To explain the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effect of NDEE, we evaluated the redox-sensitivity of NDEE in ISP-induced cardiac injury. The oral administration of NDEE (50 and 100 mg/kg b.w) prevented the depletion of endogenous antioxidants (CAT, SOD, NP-SH, and NO) and myocyte injury marker enzymes and inhibited lipid peroxidation (MDA, MPO). Moreover, NDEE downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, and IL-10) and apoptotic markers (caspase-3 and Bax) and upregulated the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. Furthermore, NDEE pretreatment significantly downregulated cardiac NF-κB (p65) expression, NF-κB-DNA binding activity, and MPO activity. Histological data showed that NDEE pretreatment reduced myonecrosis, edema, and infiltration of inflammatory cells and restored the architecture of cardiomyocytes. Conclusion NDEE demonstrated strong antioxidant, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic potential against myocardial damage. This further endorses the use of N. deflersiana in Yemeni folk medicine against cardiovascular diseases.
KW - Cardiac injury
KW - Isoproterenol
KW - Nepeta deflersiana
KW - Oxidative stress
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85027965803
U2 - 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.003
DO - 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.003
M3 - Article
C2 - 28899512
AN - SCOPUS:85027965803
SN - 0944-7113
VL - 34
SP - 67
EP - 75
JO - Phytomedicine
JF - Phytomedicine
ER -
