Investigation of the effect of NbCl₅ dopant on dielectric properties and Raman spectroscopy of Ba_0.97La_0.02TiO₃ polycrystalline ceramic by molten-salt technique

Successful elaboration of a polycrystalline sample was performed using a molten salt method, at 800 °C, according to the general formula Ba_0.97La_0.02Ti_0.95Nb_0.04O₃ (BLT_0.95Nb_0.04). The crystal structure, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties of the sample were investigated by XRD, Raman Spectroscopy, and Electrical Measurements. The XRD results clearly indicate that this has been worked out; the tetragonal phase BLT_0.95Nb_0.04 appeared. The frequency dependence of the dielectric properties was examined in the temperature range [300–600 K]. Also, excellent thermal dielectric properties are obtained in our sample when we measured the dielectric constant and dielectric loss versus both frequencies and temperatures. According to the Raman Spectroscopy, the incorporation of La³⁺ for Ba²⁺ in A-site and Nb⁵⁺ for Ti⁴⁺ in B-site into BT lattice was also considered. Besides, we controlled the Raman Shifts of the principle optic modes. No considerable change was seen in the Raman Shifts.