TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of Ball-Milling Pretreatment on Pyrolysis Behavior and Kinetics of Crystalline Cellulose
AU - Khan, Amir Sada
AU - Man, Zakaria
AU - Bustam, Mohammad Azmi
AU - Kait, Chong Fai
AU - Khan, Muhammad Irfan
AU - Muhammad, Nawshad
AU - Nasrullah, Asma
AU - Ullah, Zahoor
AU - Ahmad, Pervaiz
PY - 2016/6
Y1 - 2016/6
N2 - Effect of ball-milling pretreatment on pyrolysis characteristics of cellulose was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at four different heating rates; 5, 10, 20, and 40 K/min. Variation in the thermal stability and activation energy of cellulose with ball-milling were calculated by TGA Kinetics using Kissinger, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Starink model free methods. Results demonstrated that ball-milling reduced the thermal stability and activation energy of cellulose. The original and ball-milled cellulose were thoroughly characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that ball-milling decreased the crystallinity of cellulose from 93 to 51 %. The results suggested that ball-milling pretreatment led to effective disruption of crystalline cellulose to amorphous cellulose. It is, therefore, concluded that the ball-milled cellulose can easily become a useful source of chemicals and energy than crystalline cellulose.
AB - Effect of ball-milling pretreatment on pyrolysis characteristics of cellulose was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at four different heating rates; 5, 10, 20, and 40 K/min. Variation in the thermal stability and activation energy of cellulose with ball-milling were calculated by TGA Kinetics using Kissinger, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Starink model free methods. Results demonstrated that ball-milling reduced the thermal stability and activation energy of cellulose. The original and ball-milled cellulose were thoroughly characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that ball-milling decreased the crystallinity of cellulose from 93 to 51 %. The results suggested that ball-milling pretreatment led to effective disruption of crystalline cellulose to amorphous cellulose. It is, therefore, concluded that the ball-milled cellulose can easily become a useful source of chemicals and energy than crystalline cellulose.
KW - Activation energy
KW - Ball-milling
KW - Cellulose
KW - Crystallinity index
KW - Thermokinetics
UR - https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=fahdahdrgs&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000376289700016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL
U2 - 10.1007/s12649-015-9460-6
DO - 10.1007/s12649-015-9460-6
M3 - Article
SN - 1877-2641
VL - 7
SP - 571
EP - 581
JO - Waste and Biomass Valorization
JF - Waste and Biomass Valorization
IS - 3
ER -