Heat and mass transfer analysis for bi-dimensional bioconvective MHD nanofluid with varying thermal traits

Bioconvection phenomena offer practical applications in biomicrosystems, fuel cells, biosensors, biocomputing, electronic thermal management, and renewable energy systems, showcasing their relevance and potential impact across various engineering sectors. Consequently, this study delves into the examination of a bi-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow model encompassing the intricate dynamics of gyrotactic microorganisms, subject to the effects of suction and thermal radiation. The primary objective of the investigation is to optimize the thermal energy transfer efficiency of the fluid while concurrently minimizing associated costs, with the secondary aim of diminishing the frictional resistance at the fluid-solid interface. The basis for energy and momentum equations incorporating radiation using Rosseland’s approximation is established by the Buongiorno nanofluid model. The foundational PDEs along with their BCs, are reformulated into ODEs utilizing similarity variables, then transformed into a set of first-order ODEs ensuring compatibility with MATLAB’s bvp4c solver, which offers high convergence rates and accuracy due to its efficient algorithms and precision handling. Heat transfer rate boosts up by increasing suction and radiation parameters, while it dwindles due to an increase in the magnetic field. Enhancing suction and the magnetic field lowers skin friction. Microbial concentration surges by increasing the magnetic field, while suction minimizes it. Intensifying the thermophoresis parameter increases the concentration of nanoparticles.