Enhancement LFC of a Realistic Multi-Source Power System Concerning Wind Farms Using SMES and New Optimized PID Controller

This paper presents a Load Frequency Control (LFC) design using a new optimal PID controller-based Moth Swarm Algorithm (MSA) in Egyptian power system (EPS) in the presence of wind farms. To improve the frequency stability of the EPS, the control action needs to be more robust and efficient. Hence, this study presents a coordination between the secondary control (i.e., LFC), and controlled Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) using the optimal PID controller-based MSA for frequency stability enhancement of the EPS. Moreover, the performance of the proposed coordination is compared with both; the optimal LFC with/without the uncontrollable SMES under different load profiles, wind power fluctuations, and system uncertainty. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed coordination, the EPS with inherent nonlinearity was tested using Matlab/SIMULINK® software. The results confirmed that the robustness of the proposed coordination in terms of reducing transient time, minimizing the frequency deviations, and preventing conventional generators from exceeding their power ratings during load disturbances.