Engineering molecular communications integrated with carbon nanotubes in neural sensor nanonetworks

There have been recent advances in the engineering of molecular communication (MC)-based networks for nanomedical applications. However, the integration of MC with biomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) presents various critical research challenges. In this study, the authors envisaged integrating MC-based nanonetwork with CNTs to optimise nanonetwork performance. In neural networks, a chronic reduction in the concentration of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) eventually leads to the development of neurodegenerative diseases; therefore, they used CNTs as a molecular switch to optimise ACh conductivity supported by artificial MC. Furthermore, MC enables communication between transmitter neurons and receiver neurons for fine-tuning the ACh release rate according to the feedback concentration of ACh. Subsequently, they proposed a min/max feedback scheme to fine-tune the expected throughput and ACh transmission efficiency. For demonstration purposes, they deduced analytical forms for the proposed schemes in terms of throughput, incurred traffic rates, and average packet delay.