@inproceedings{a8d25eb1cbcc49ca80b3fc068d35ea66,
title = "Economic viability assessment of repurposed EV batteries participating in frequency regulation and energy markets",
abstract = "The high cost and growing environmental concerns surrounding lithium-ion batteries have motivated research into extending the life of electric vehicle (EV) batteries by repurposing them for second life grid applications. The incorporation of repurposed electric vehicle batteries (REVBs) has the potential to decrease the overall cost of new battery energy storage systems (BESS) and extend the useful life of the materials. This paper focuses on maximizing daily profit that can be made from REVBs by stacking two grid services such as frequency regulation and energy arbitrage while minimizing battery capital cost by using second life EV batteries. A model for battery management with stacked frequency regulation and energy arbitrage is developed and tested using PJM market data. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) is used to solve the optimization problem. It is found that REVBs can generate higher net profits than a new BESS.",
keywords = "Ancillary services, Arbitrage, Battery management, Frequency regulation, Lithium-ion batteries, Repurposed electric vehicle batteries, Second life electric vehicle batteries, Stacked revenue services",
author = "Sarah Robson and Alharbi, \{Abdullah M.\} and Wenzhong Gao and Amin Khodaei and Ibrahim Alsaidan",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 IEEE.; 13th Annual IEEE Green Technologies Conference, GREENTECH 2021 ; Conference date: 07-04-2021 Through 09-04-2021",
year = "2021",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00072",
language = "English",
series = "IEEE Green Technologies Conference",
publisher = "IEEE Computer Society",
pages = "424--429",
booktitle = "Proceedings - 2021 13th Annual IEEE Green Technologies Conference, GREENTECH 2021",
address = "United States",
}
