Construction of Mott-Schottky heterointerface in binary Europium orthoferrite/biomass-derived carbon micro-fiber nanocomposite for enhanced microwave absorption properties

Achieving strong microwave absorption requires the synergistic combination of multiple loss mechanisms and precise impedance matching. Here, we report a novel binary nanocomposite based on biomass-derived carbon micro-fibers decorated with EuFeO₃ nanoparticles, forming a unique Mott–Schottky heterojunction. This design integrates the conductivity of carbon fibers with the semiconducting/magnetic nature of EuFeO₃, leading to abundant interfacial polarization sites, improved charge separation, and enhanced dielectric–magnetic coupling. The resulting hierarchical 3D network architecture extends the transmission path of incident waves through multiple reflections and scattering, while simultaneously optimizing impedance matching. Benefiting from this synergistic structure, the nanocomposite exhibits excellent microwave absorption, with a minimum reflection loss of −43.4 dB at 15.58 GHz, a wide effective bandwidth of 4.5 GHz, and a remarkably thin absorber thickness of only 1.4 mm. This study highlights the cost-effective use of biomass-derived carbon in constructing advanced magneto-dielectric heterojunction absorbers and provides new insights into Mott–Schottky interface engineering for next-generation electromagnetic wave attenuation materials.