Comprehensive reviews on the potential applications of inorganic metal sulfide nanostructures in biological, environmental, healthcare, and energy generation and storage

The versatile nature of metal sulfide nanostructures has led to their meteoric rise in popularity. The compositions, morphologies, and sizes of these nanostructures may be tuned, giving them distinct features. Here we look at the many uses of metal sulfide nanostructures, with an emphasis on their possible benefits in the fields of biology, ecology, and energy storage. Because of their remarkable optical characteristics and high degree of biocompatibility, metal sulfide nanostructures have great potential in the biological fields of bioimaging, medication administration, and photothermal treatment. Additionally, because of their large surface area and adsorption capability, these nanostructures show outstanding performance in environmental remediation, which includes pollutant removal and wastewater treatment. Because of their great conductivity and electrochemical activity, metal sulfide nanostructures are also in great demand for energy storage applications such supercapacitors, hydrogen storage, and lithium-ion batteries. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent progress in synthesizing various metal sulfides with transition metal elements. Effective physiochemical and biological approaches are employed in their production to control the structures, dimensions, and compositions of these sulfides.