Comparative analysis of bioactive compounds, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of apple varieties

Background and Objective: Apples play an essential role in human nutrition, as they are a well-documented source of natural antioxidants as vitamins, carotenoids and phenolic compounds. This research was conducted to study some bioactive compounds and activities of five apple varieties (Black, Apricot, Jester, Big Ariane and Medium Ariane). Materials and Methods: In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were determined and analyzed by using a spectrophotometer. Replications of all apple varieties were applied to ANOVA test using SPSS (20.00). Significant differences between means (±SD) were significant at (p<0.05) by using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. Results: Medium Ariane apples had the highest total antioxidant value followed by Big Ariane, Apricot, Black and Jester apples. Apricot had the highest antioxidant activities, (93.67, 7.71 and 85.98 µmol TE gG¹ fw) for DPPH, ABTS and FRAP, respectively. Total phenol values were 21.65-35.11 mM and the total flavonoids were 36.86-55.52 mg Qe gG¹. The extracts showed high antiinflammatory activity values (0.32-5.46 µg mLG¹). Medium Ariane, Jester and Apricot had highly anti-inflammatory activity followed by Big Ariane and Black extracts, respectively. Conclusion: The results presented that apples, especially Apricot variety had the highest bioactive compounds, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.