Chitosan nanoparticles for antimicrobial applications

This chapter provides a comprehensive exploration of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) in antimicrobial applications, underscoring their multifaceted potential and versatile roles in combating microbial challenges. CSNPs exhibit profound antibacterial activity by disrupting bacterial cell structures and vital cellular processes, rendering them effective against a broad spectrum of bacterial species. Furthermore, their antifungal efficacy extends to various fungal pathogens of biomedical importance, with CSNPs targeting fungal cell structures and inhibiting critical processes essential for growth. While their potential in antiviral interventions is emerging, CSNPs offer promise in countering various viruses. Strategies for enhancing antimicrobial activities are discussed in this chapter, including chitosan derivatization and synergistic combinations with other bioactive formulations. Safety considerations are also addressed, emphasizing the importance of understanding the cytotoxicity of CSNPs and their potential degradation lifespan for safe biomedical applications. Their versatility shines in biomedical realms, from advanced wound dressings to precision drug delivery systems. Looking forward, this chapter envisions innovative horizons for CSNPs, including combination therapies, responsive nanoparticles, and biosensors for real-time microbial detection. In summary, CSNPs are emerging as valuable assets in the ongoing battle against microbial resistance, showcasing their adaptability and promise in addressing multifaceted healthcare challenges.