A novel design of recurrent neural network to investigate the heat transmission of radiative Casson nanofluid flow consisting of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) across a curved stretchable surface

This study aims to develop a supervised learning artificial recurrent neural network algorithm supported by Bayesian regularization called (ARNN-BR) to analyze the impact of physical parameters, including radius of curvature ((Formula presented.)), Casson parameter ((Formula presented.)), heat generation parameter ((Formula presented.)) and radiation parameter ((Formula presented.)) on velocity fʹ(η), and temperature profiles θ(η) in Casson nanofluid consisting of carbon nanotubes (CNTs-CNF) model for single and multiwalled CNTs across a curved stretched surface. The numerical dataset of the proposed model has been constructed by varying various parameters for five scenarios that are used in a Bayesian regularization-based intelligent computing method to build networks for approximating the numerical solutions of CNTs-CNF model. It is observed that increment in the dimensionless radius of curvature ((Formula presented.)) causes to rise an increase in the velocity profile fʹ(η) for both SWCNTs and MWCNTs. However, a contrasting trend is observed when the Casson parameter ((Formula presented.)) is increased to higher values. The temperature θ(η) of fluid increases as the heat generation parameter ((Formula presented.)) and radiation parameter ((Formula presented.)) increase. However, an opposite behavior is noticed when the dimensionless radius of curvature ((Formula presented.)) varies. The effectiveness and significance of designed Bayesian regularization based artificial recurrent neural networks (ARNN-BR) is demonstrated through regression index measurements, error histogram studies, auto-correlation analysis and convergence curves showing a minimal level of mean square error (E-11 to E-04) for the comprehensive simulations of CNTs-CNF model. The designed ARNN-BR algorithm is employed in many domains such as voice recognition, machine translation, identification of neurological brain illnesses as well as for automated translation of texts across different languages.