A new approach for image encryption and watermarking based on substitution box over the classes of chain rings

The meanings of passing information from one side to other side by a conventional way is been changed because of internet and communication technology. The issues of the security and the uprightness of information increase due to fast developments in digital world. Presently digital communication has become an important part of transmission of information securely. There are various internet applications which are utilized to convey covertly. As an outcome, the security of data against unapproved access has turned into a prime target. This leads to parts of advancement of different systems for information hiding. Cryptography and watermarking are famous techniques for hiding information accessible to conceal information safely. Our main goal here is to develop an innovative algebraic structures for the construction of nonlinear components of block cipher namely substitution boxes (S-boxes); and also use these components in image encryption and watermarking applications. Different types of S-boxes were introduced in literature based on Galois field and chaos theory in order to add confusion in any cryptosystems. The present construction is entirely based on Galois ring which enrich the existing algebraic structures of S-box theory.