2D Fluid-Structure Model of Aortic Valve Using a Derived Muscular Model Equation

F1uid-structure interaction (FSI) models provide promise for the study of normal and disordered heart function, particularly the effect of fluid dynamics on the motion of aortic valve (AV) leaflet. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of AV normal leaflets and AV with stenosis on blood flow by developing 2D FSI computational model to simulate the AV leaflets when interacting with blood motion. The AV leaflets was modelled using a spring-like derived formulation. Furthermore, the blood flow was modeled as an incompressible Navier-Stokes fluid, and the mesh deformation of the fluid and leaflets due to trans-valvular pressure on AV borders and the ensuing leaflets movement was calculated using the Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) technique. The 2D model was able to reproduce AV leaflets opening profile as a result of the transvalvular pressure on AV. The maximum velocity simulated at the peak inlet velocity (at 0.2 s) was 1.47 m/s, and this value agreed with the reported range (1.1-1.7m/s) from previous studies. Additionally, the simulated maximum flow velocity of the AV model with calcification was 2.5Sm/s and it classifies as AV with mild stenosis based on the reported range from the literature. The developed FSI model provides insights into the impact fluid dynamics on the AV leaflets movement using a spring-like derived formulation.